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| We isolate the direct bank-to-sovereign distress channel within the eurozone's sovereign-bank-loop by exploiting the global non-eurozone related variation in stock prices. We instrument banking sector stock returns in the eurozone with exposure-weighted stock market returns from non-eurozone countries and take further precautions to remove any eurozone crisis-related variation. We find that the transmission of instrumented bank distress while economically relevant is significantly smaller than the corresponding coefficient in the unadjusted OLS framework confirming concerns on reverse causality and omitted variables in previous studies. Furthermore we show that the spillover of bank distress is significantly stronger for countries with poorer macroeconomic performances weaker financial sectors and financial regulation and during times of elevated political uncertainty. |
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